php 55 lines · 8 steps

Normalizing human names in PHP

A small class that cleans, keys, and title-cases personal names while respecting Unicode and naming particles.

Explained by highlit

Intermediate unicode text-normalization transliteration regex internationalization

1<?php
2 
3declare(strict_types=1);
4 
5namespace App\Support;
6 
7use Normalizer;
8 
9final class NameNormalizer
10{
11    private const PARTICLES = ['de', 'la', 'van', 'von', 'der', 'den', 'del', 'di', 'da', 'du', 'le'];
12 
13    public function normalize(string $name): string
14    {
15        $name = Normalizer::normalize($name, Normalizer::FORM_C) ?: $name;
16        $name = $this->transliterate($name);
17 
18        $name = mb_strtolower(trim($name), 'UTF-8');
19        $name = preg_replace('/[\x{2018}\x{2019}\x{201C}\x{201D}]/u', "'", $name);
20        $name = preg_replace('/[^\p{L}\p{N}\s\'-]/u', ' ', $name);
21        $name = preg_replace('/\s+/u', ' ', trim($name));
22 
23        return $name;
24    }
25 
26    public function lookupKey(string $name): string
27    {
28        return str_replace([' ', '-', "'"], '', $this->normalize($name));
29    }
30 
31    public function canonicalDisplay(string $name): string
32    {
33        $parts = explode(' ', $this->normalize($name));
34 
35        $parts = array_map(function (string $part): string {
36            if (in_array($part, self::PARTICLES, true)) {
37                return $part;
38            }
39 
40            return implode('-', array_map(
41                static fn (string $seg): string => mb_convert_case($seg, MB_CASE_TITLE, 'UTF-8'),
42                explode('-', $part)
43            ));
44        }, $parts);
45 
46        return implode(' ', $parts);
47    }
48 
49    private function transliterate(string $value): string
50    {
51        $ascii = transliterator_transliterate('Any-Latin; Latin-ASCII; [\u0080-\u7fff] remove', $value);
52 
53        return $ascii !== false ? $ascii : $value;
54    }
55}

01 / 01

STEP 01

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Three takeaways

1Unicode normalization plus transliteration turns visually identical but differently-encoded names into one comparable form.
2Separating a lookup key from a display form lets you match loosely while still presenting names nicely.
3Name capitalization needs domain rules — lowercase particles like 'van' and 'de' shouldn't be title-cased.

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