Code Explainers

Code explainers tagged #middleware

python 
import time
from collections import defaultdict
from threading import Lock
 

Sliding-window login rate limiting in Flask

rate-limiting sliding-window thread-safety
Intermediate 7 steps
javascript 
const RATE_LIMIT = 100;
const WINDOW_MS = 60 * 1000;
const BLOCK_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
 

Building a rate-limiting middleware in Express

rate-limiting middleware closures
Intermediate 9 steps
rust 
use std::net::SocketAddr;
use std::time::Duration;
 
use axum::{routing::get, Json, Router};

Per-IP rate limiting in Axum with tower-governor

rate-limiting middleware tower
Intermediate 7 steps
go 
package handlers
 
import (
	"net/http"

Cookie-based sessions in Gin

authentication cookies middleware
Intermediate 7 steps
rust 
use axum::{
    body::Body,
    extract::Request,
    http::{header::HeaderValue, HeaderName},

Request ID middleware in Axum

middleware tracing request-extensions
Intermediate 7 steps
go 
package webhooks
 
import (
	"crypto/hmac"

Verifying GitHub webhooks in Gin

hmac webhooks middleware
Intermediate 6 steps
go 
package middleware
 
import (
	"errors"

Centralized error handling in Gin

middleware error-handling custom-errors
Intermediate 8 steps
rust 
use axum::{
    extract::FromRequestParts,
    http::{request::Parts, StatusCode, header::AUTHORIZATION},
};

How a JWT extractor works in Axum

authentication jwt extractors
Intermediate 8 steps
php 
<?php
 
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
 

Enforcing a JSON Accept header in Laravel

middleware content-negotiation http-headers
Beginner 5 steps
typescript 
import {
  Injectable,
  NestInterceptor,
  ExecutionContext,

How a NestJS logging interceptor works

interceptors rxjs logging
Intermediate 5 steps
go 
package middleware
 
import (
	"net/http"

Building a bearer-token auth middleware in Gin

middleware authentication closures
Intermediate 5 steps