Code Explainers

Intermediate code explainers

java
public final class LogRedactor {
 
    private static final Pattern SECRET = Pattern.compile(
        "(?i)(password|token|api[_-]?key|secret|authorization)\\s*[=:]\\s*\\S+");

Streaming log redaction in Java

regex streaming-io try-with-resources
Intermediate 9 steps
go
package handlers
 
import (
	"net/http"

Custom validators and binding in Gin

validation struct-tags error-handling
Intermediate 8 steps
python
import secrets
 
from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
from fastapi.security import APIKeyHeader

API key authentication as a FastAPI dependency

authentication dependency-injection api-keys
Intermediate 8 steps
typescript
import { Component, inject, signal } from '@angular/core';
import { CdkDragDrop, DragDropModule, moveItemInArray } from '@angular/cdk/drag-drop';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { finalize } from 'rxjs';

Drag-and-drop reordering with signals in Angular

drag-and-drop signals optimistic-update
Intermediate 8 steps
ruby
class ImageNormalizer
  ORIENTATION_TRANSFORMS = {
    1 => ->(img) {},
    2 => ->(img) { img.flop },

Correcting EXIF orientation in Ruby

lookup-table lambdas image-processing
Intermediate 7 steps
php
class OrderReceiptController extends Controller
{
    public function store(Request $request, Order $order)
    {

Handling receipt uploads in a Laravel controller

file-upload validation authorization
Intermediate 5 steps
javascript
function parseHexColor(hex) {
  const cleaned = hex.trim().replace(/^#/, '');
 
  const expand = (short) =>

Parsing hex colors into RGBA channels

parsing bitwise regex
Intermediate 7 steps
ruby
module RequestTagging
  class Middleware
    def initialize(app)
      @app = app

Per-request context with CurrentAttributes in Rails

middleware thread-safety logging
Intermediate 7 steps
go
package hashring
 
import (
	"hash/crc32"

How consistent hashing works in Go

consistent-hashing load-balancing concurrency
Intermediate 8 steps
javascript
import { useReducer, useCallback } from 'react';
 
function historyReducer(state, action) {
  const { past, present, future } = state;

Undo/redo form state with a React reducer

undo-redo reducer immutability
Intermediate 10 steps
python
import hashlib
from collections import defaultdict
from pathlib import Path
 

Finding duplicate files by size then hash

hashing file-io deduplication
Intermediate 7 steps
php
<?php
 
final class RememberMeCookie
{

Signed remember-me cookies in PHP

authentication hmac cookies
Intermediate 8 steps
rust
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 
pub struct Ewma {
    alpha: f64,

A time-decayed moving average in Rust

exponential-smoothing time-decay state-machine
Intermediate 8 steps
java
@Component
public class HeaderMergeFilter {
 
    private static final String PER_REQUEST_HEADERS = HeaderMergeFilter.class.getName() + ".headers";

Merging default and per-request headers in Spring

webclient filters http-headers
Intermediate 8 steps
go
package middleware
 
import (
	"net/http"

Wrapping Gin requests in a DB transaction

middleware transactions error-handling
Intermediate 8 steps
python
from flask import Flask, request, g, jsonify
from flask_babel import Babel, gettext as _, format_datetime
from datetime import datetime
 

Per-request localization in Flask with Babel

i18n content-negotiation request-lifecycle
Intermediate 8 steps
php
<?php
 
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
 

Caching HTTP responses with Laravel middleware

middleware caching http
Intermediate 8 steps
typescript
type Countdown = {
  days: number;
  hours: number;
  minutes: number;

Building a self-stopping countdown timer

date-math closures timers
Intermediate 9 steps